http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/dida/graphics/bitmapvectorrev1.shtml
http://graphicssoft.about.com/od/aboutgraphics/a/bitmapvector_2.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitmap
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/dida/using_ict/presenting_informationrev5.shtml
http://www.tutorial9.net/tutorials/photoshop-tutorials/saving-images-for-the-web/
http://www.sphoto.com/homedd/
Friday, 18 October 2013
Thursday, 17 October 2013
Types of digital graphics used to create digital images
Graphics are visual presentations on a surface, such as a computer screen. Examples are photographs, drawing, graphics designs, maps or other images
Vector graphics
Vector graphics is the use of polygons, lines, curves, shapes and points to make images on computers. Vector graphics are based on vectors (also called paths, or strokes) which lead through locations called control points. Vector graphics consists in encoding information about shapes and colors that comprise the image, which can allow for more flexibility in rendering.
One of the first uses of vector graphic displays was the US SAGE air defense system. Vector graphics systems were only retired from U.S. en route air traffic control in 1999, and are still in use in military and specialized systems.
common file formats for vector graphics .cgm, .svg, .odg, .eps, .xml
Popular vector drawing programs-
• Adobe Illustrator
• CorelDRAW
• Xara Xtreme
• Serif DrawPlus
this image was produced using vector graphics
This image show the quality between Vector and Bitmap
(wikipedia)
Bitmap Graphics
Graphics are a type of digital image that uses tiny rectangular pixels, or picture elements, arranged in a grid formation to represent an image.
Bitmap graphics has origins in television technology, with images constructed like the pictures on a TV screen. A bitmap graphic is made up of a collection of tiny, uniformly sized pixels, which are arranged in a two-dimensional grid made up of columns and rows. Each pixel contains one or more bits of information, depending on the degree of detail in the image.
A black-and-white image contains only one bit per pixel while an image with shading and colour contains about 24 bits of information per pixel. The number of bits stored in each pixel is known as the colour depth.
The File extensions for raster graphics are: .BMP, .TIF, .GIF, .JPG. Enlarging a bitmap image causes it to look blocky and pixelated which is why vector graphics are used for wanting good close up detail. Bitmap images are resolution dependent.Bitmap images are displayed on your computer screen at screen resolution: approximately 100 ppi.
Popular bitmap editing programs-
• Microsoft Paint • Adobe Photoshop • Corel Photo-Paint • Corel Paint Shop Pro • The GIMP
Bitmap v Vector
Bitmap images are ideal for photographic images as they are real unlike vector which is more suitable for things like making company logos and cartoons as when they are zoomed in they do not loose quality. another thing that should be considered is file size. because bitmap images have to save every pixel they are large files unlike vector which doesn't take up so much room as the computer just saves the details of objects.
Tuesday, 15 October 2013
Image capture, image output and storage of image assets generate log/report during investigations of relevant digital graphics technologies used to create digital graphics for interactive media products.
Image Capture
Mobile Phones - Smart phones like the iPhone 5s, Samsung galaxy s4 and Nokia Lumia's are equipped with very powerful cameras that can take high quality 1080i HD videos and pictures that are as good as or even better normal digital cameras. The downside to this is that mobile phones sometimes have only a limited amount of storage and the file sizes are large due to there quality especially in a iPhone where there is no external memory available unlike other phones which have a external memory cards that can extend the memory.
Photo that i took on my SamsungGalaxyS(5mp) Photo that was took on my old phone a Blackberry Curve 8520 (2mp)
You can see there is a very clear difference in the image quality from the two phones. The image taken from the samsung is very clear and looks bright is generally a very good image. it is not blurry at all. The image taken from the blackberry is very dark even though it was a bright day and the colours are dim.
Camera phone comparison/review CNET
Digital Cameras-
Digital Cameras are used for getting a HD high quality balanced image and can change the settings so a perfect image can be taken. there are many types available on the market from small compact digital cameras with a small zoom/MP and are easy to use too expensive large SLRS that can cost alot of money to take professional shots either for leisure or commercial. The size of these images can be huge due to the quality.
(http://www.hurlbutvisuals.com/blog/2012/02/digital-camera-comparison-chart/)
Useful link - What Digital Camera
File Sizes/Storage of image assets
Mobile Phones - Smart phones like the iPhone 5s, Samsung galaxy s4 and Nokia Lumia's are equipped with very powerful cameras that can take high quality 1080i HD videos and pictures that are as good as or even better normal digital cameras. The downside to this is that mobile phones sometimes have only a limited amount of storage and the file sizes are large due to there quality especially in a iPhone where there is no external memory available unlike other phones which have a external memory cards that can extend the memory.
Photo that i took on my SamsungGalaxyS(5mp) Photo that was took on my old phone a Blackberry Curve 8520 (2mp)
You can see there is a very clear difference in the image quality from the two phones. The image taken from the samsung is very clear and looks bright is generally a very good image. it is not blurry at all. The image taken from the blackberry is very dark even though it was a bright day and the colours are dim.
Camera phone comparison/review CNET
Digital Cameras-
Digital Cameras are used for getting a HD high quality balanced image and can change the settings so a perfect image can be taken. there are many types available on the market from small compact digital cameras with a small zoom/MP and are easy to use too expensive large SLRS that can cost alot of money to take professional shots either for leisure or commercial. The size of these images can be huge due to the quality.
(http://www.hurlbutvisuals.com/blog/2012/02/digital-camera-comparison-chart/)
Useful link - What Digital Camera
File Sizes/Storage of image assets
File size are measured in:
Gigabyte žMegabytež TerabyteHD Quality files are larger and have a higher bit rate which is how much data is transferred per second.
The
bigger the file, the longer it takes to download and upload them. Bigger files
are usually high quality HD movies and TV programs; a 1.34hr SD movie on a iPad
takes up 1.4GB which takes up lots of memory especially on a portable device
that only has 16GB of memory on it. Normal audio files do not take much space up.
You
can shrink the file size by compressing files as it lowers the quality of the
file and formatting it can also change the file size, however you might not be
able to play on a certain device.
Images can be saved on memory cards that can be inserted into many mobile phones, large external hard drives that can hold more than a terabyte, on line like iCloud (apple), USB sticks, computers/laptops, tablets and mobile phones.
Tuesday, 8 October 2013
File extensions used in digital graphics, file compression and optimization
File extensions used in digital graphics, file compression and optimization
Saving images for the web/ file compression/ quality
image saved as a .JPG image saved as a .GIF BBC Bitesize
Saving a image in a particular format such as .jpg and .gif can change the quality of the image. Uploading a image in a .JPG would mean that the image upload quicker and using less data. it is the most popular format for a picture. Uploading a image in a .GIF file means that the image is bigger and would take up more data when uploading and take longer.
Lossless and Lossy data
Lossless data compression allows media to be represented without any loss in quality or information, while Lossy data compression may result in a loss of quality and information.
The most common Lossless media types include GIF, PNG, and TIFF, while JPEG is the most common of Lossy graphic media.
You can save a .JPG in JPEG Low, JPEG Medium, or JPEG High. The image below shows the difference. (http://www.tutorial9.net/)
Popular digital file types
JPEG is a compressed file format that supports 24 bit colour This is the best format for photographs to be shown on the web. This is because the colour informational bits in the computer file are compressed (reduced) and download times are minimized and uses less data when loading.
GIF is an uncompressed file format that supports only 256 distinct colours. Best used with web clip art and logo type images. GIF is not suitable for photographs because of its limited colour support and is a lossless format which means the file is big so that it will take longer to load and uses more data.
TIFF file stands for Tagged Image File Format. U sed a lot in graphic design as they are high quality. The file extension for a TIFF file is either .tiff or .tif. The files can be saved without compression, or they can be compressed to lower file size, similar to JPG files. TIFF files are commonly used in print design and desktop publishing because they can store large, high quality images such as photos. . Not suitable for images on the web as the sizes are large and are a lossless file meaning that they are uncompressed and will be a large file. Also some web browsers dont let you view them
RAW is an image output option available on some digital cameras. It is lossless but it alot smaller than than TIFF files.
Saving images for the web/ file compression/ quality
image saved as a .JPG image saved as a .GIF BBC Bitesize
Saving a image in a particular format such as .jpg and .gif can change the quality of the image. Uploading a image in a .JPG would mean that the image upload quicker and using less data. it is the most popular format for a picture. Uploading a image in a .GIF file means that the image is bigger and would take up more data when uploading and take longer.
Lossless and Lossy data
Lossless data compression allows media to be represented without any loss in quality or information, while Lossy data compression may result in a loss of quality and information.
The most common Lossless media types include GIF, PNG, and TIFF, while JPEG is the most common of Lossy graphic media.
You can save a .JPG in JPEG Low, JPEG Medium, or JPEG High. The image below shows the difference. (http://www.tutorial9.net/)
Compression
Compression
is used in computers so that a file can be made smaller so that it takes up
less space on a computer or so it can fit onto a mobile device like a phone or an
mp4 player.
You can download compressing software off the internet;
it works by allowing you to change the format it is in, because some formats
use up more space than others. An mp4 file might take up less space than a M4V
file bought off iTunes because the mp4 file is designed to be played on a small
device like an iPod or a phone as the quality is much lower so that a small
device can play it. Also data compression can be used so that large files can
be made smaller so that they can be sent over the internet by someone like
email.
Compressing a file can change the quality of a
file like audio or video by lowering the sound/video quality, the resolution
and the bit rate. Lossy compression reduces bits by finding the least important
information and removing it.
I
compressed a large video file that had been filmed from an iPad 3 which was a
.mov file and was filmed in HD and managed to compress it using a file
compressor so it could fit on my phone and on to my laptop as the file was
about 1gb and managed to reduce the size significantly by changing the file to
a mp4 file
Popular digital file types
JPEG is a compressed file format that supports 24 bit colour This is the best format for photographs to be shown on the web. This is because the colour informational bits in the computer file are compressed (reduced) and download times are minimized and uses less data when loading.
GIF is an uncompressed file format that supports only 256 distinct colours. Best used with web clip art and logo type images. GIF is not suitable for photographs because of its limited colour support and is a lossless format which means the file is big so that it will take longer to load and uses more data.
TIFF file stands for Tagged Image File Format. U sed a lot in graphic design as they are high quality. The file extension for a TIFF file is either .tiff or .tif. The files can be saved without compression, or they can be compressed to lower file size, similar to JPG files. TIFF files are commonly used in print design and desktop publishing because they can store large, high quality images such as photos. . Not suitable for images on the web as the sizes are large and are a lossless file meaning that they are uncompressed and will be a large file. Also some web browsers dont let you view them
RAW is an image output option available on some digital cameras. It is lossless but it alot smaller than than TIFF files.
Thursday, 3 October 2013
Picture elements and image resolution
Pixel (Picture Element)
Each pixel is a sample of an original image; more samples typically provide more accurate representations of the original. The intensity of each pixel is variable. In colour image systems, a colour is typically represented by three or four component intensities such as red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
A computer running 800X600 pixel resolution will display 800 pixels in the width of the monitor and 600 pixels in height
If you had two 17 inch computer monitors showing the same web page on the screen but running at different monitor resolutions. The pixels on the monitor set at lower resolution (800X600 pixel monitor resolution) will be larger than the pixels on the monitor set to higher resolution since there will be only 800 pixels across the 17 inch monitor rather than 1024 in that same 17 inch space with 1024X768 pixel monitor resolution.
Image Resolution
Resolution is number of pixels in an image. Resolution is identified by the width and height of the image as well as the total number of pixels in the image. The resolution of an image is measured in dots per inch (dpi), or pixels per inch (ppi). The dpi determines the amount of detail the image has.
When you change computer monitor resolutions you DO NOT change the pixel dimensions of the pictures and content on the monitor. Therefore, the monitor running lower resolution has larger pixels and will have larger images and text.
Megapixels is the maximum pixel resolution available in a digital camera. Megapixel resolution is the cameras CCD's length and width pixel resolution. A camera with a 1536 by 2048 pixel CCD has round about 3.1 megapixel maximum image resolution
Each pixel is a sample of an original image; more samples typically provide more accurate representations of the original. The intensity of each pixel is variable. In colour image systems, a colour is typically represented by three or four component intensities such as red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
A computer running 800X600 pixel resolution will display 800 pixels in the width of the monitor and 600 pixels in height
If you had two 17 inch computer monitors showing the same web page on the screen but running at different monitor resolutions. The pixels on the monitor set at lower resolution (800X600 pixel monitor resolution) will be larger than the pixels on the monitor set to higher resolution since there will be only 800 pixels across the 17 inch monitor rather than 1024 in that same 17 inch space with 1024X768 pixel monitor resolution.
Image Resolution
Resolution is number of pixels in an image. Resolution is identified by the width and height of the image as well as the total number of pixels in the image. The resolution of an image is measured in dots per inch (dpi), or pixels per inch (ppi). The dpi determines the amount of detail the image has.
When you change computer monitor resolutions you DO NOT change the pixel dimensions of the pictures and content on the monitor. Therefore, the monitor running lower resolution has larger pixels and will have larger images and text.
Megapixels is the maximum pixel resolution available in a digital camera. Megapixel resolution is the cameras CCD's length and width pixel resolution. A camera with a 1536 by 2048 pixel CCD has round about 3.1 megapixel maximum image resolution
Tuesday, 24 September 2013
Applications of interactive media graphics
Applications of interactive media graphics
Interactive media graphics is the integration of digital media including combinations of electronic texts, graphics, moving images and sound that allows someone to interact with the media graphics
Drop down navigation menus
Navigation menus are drop menus that contain various options for the user to explore numerous pages in a website . They usually are in categories and then sub categories. They are widely used in websites such as shopping. They are made using CSS. A example of a site that uses drop down navigation menus are Google and Amazon. The advantage of them is that it organises links in categories, easier for the user to use, makes the website look better and it allows the user to get around the site easier. Disadvantages of them are they could be tricky and time consuming to make.
GIFS/Flash Banners
GIF stands for graphics interchange format, it is a bitmapped graphics file format. GIFs are used in websites to make the website more attractive and humor Flash banners are mostly used for advertising, header or a website and some are spam. Flash banners are effective for getting messages across and make a website look good. Both GIFs and Flash banners are easily available using photoshop and websites that can do it for you. Advantages of the are they make websites look more attractive and appealing, they are easily to obtain; they can be made using photoshop and you can copy and paste them off websites. disadvantages of them they could be subject to copy write, overuse of them could put people off, take along time to work and might not have the software to create them. This GIF is a image taken off the internet and edited using photoshop.
Video/Picture/Sound
Embedding video/sound/picture into websites can enhance a website and make it more appealing and add features the user can interact with. Pictures should be relevant to the website e.g having a website that is selling clothes and having pictures of clothes. Embedding videos either directly from a computer or from a external website like YouTube is a good way to enhance a website. Also you can add a sound clip into a website to make it play something like a company jingle or music. Advantages of them are that they make the website more interactive, eye catching, professional, gets more information out if there are videos and pictures if there relevant pictures/videos backing it up.
YouTube
Screen icons
These icons allow for access to the thousands of applications available from, windows 7, App Store Blackberry World, Google Play e.t.c. Small icons are good as they are easily remembered and allow for quick navigation and ones like Facebook and Twitter are distinctive. Used on things such as iOS devices, android devices and all computers. Gives people easy direct access to apps and websites without having to go on the internet and log on to the website and makes it easier to view on mobile devices such as iPads and smartphones. Advantages are that they target a wide audience, easy access and easier to view on mobile devices. disadvantages are that the app can be poorly built, hard to work and easily crash unlike conventional websites. This is taken from a iPad 3.
Roll Over Buttons
Roll over buttons change colour when you roll the mouse over them. They make the website look better and makes it more interactive.
Games
Computer graphics are graphics created using computers and the representation of image data by a computer specifically with help from specialized graphic hardware and software.
2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images—mostly from two-dimensional models (such as 2D geometric models, text, and digital images) and by techniques specific to them.
Pixel art - A large form of digital art being pixel art is created through the use of raster graphics software, where images are edited on the pixel level.
Interactive media graphics is the integration of digital media including combinations of electronic texts, graphics, moving images and sound that allows someone to interact with the media graphics
Drop down navigation menus
Navigation menus are drop menus that contain various options for the user to explore numerous pages in a website . They usually are in categories and then sub categories. They are widely used in websites such as shopping. They are made using CSS. A example of a site that uses drop down navigation menus are Google and Amazon. The advantage of them is that it organises links in categories, easier for the user to use, makes the website look better and it allows the user to get around the site easier. Disadvantages of them are they could be tricky and time consuming to make.
GIF stands for graphics interchange format, it is a bitmapped graphics file format. GIFs are used in websites to make the website more attractive and humor Flash banners are mostly used for advertising, header or a website and some are spam. Flash banners are effective for getting messages across and make a website look good. Both GIFs and Flash banners are easily available using photoshop and websites that can do it for you. Advantages of the are they make websites look more attractive and appealing, they are easily to obtain; they can be made using photoshop and you can copy and paste them off websites. disadvantages of them they could be subject to copy write, overuse of them could put people off, take along time to work and might not have the software to create them. This GIF is a image taken off the internet and edited using photoshop.
Video/Picture/Sound
Embedding video/sound/picture into websites can enhance a website and make it more appealing and add features the user can interact with. Pictures should be relevant to the website e.g having a website that is selling clothes and having pictures of clothes. Embedding videos either directly from a computer or from a external website like YouTube is a good way to enhance a website. Also you can add a sound clip into a website to make it play something like a company jingle or music. Advantages of them are that they make the website more interactive, eye catching, professional, gets more information out if there are videos and pictures if there relevant pictures/videos backing it up.
YouTube
Screen icons
These icons allow for access to the thousands of applications available from, windows 7, App Store Blackberry World, Google Play e.t.c. Small icons are good as they are easily remembered and allow for quick navigation and ones like Facebook and Twitter are distinctive. Used on things such as iOS devices, android devices and all computers. Gives people easy direct access to apps and websites without having to go on the internet and log on to the website and makes it easier to view on mobile devices such as iPads and smartphones. Advantages are that they target a wide audience, easy access and easier to view on mobile devices. disadvantages are that the app can be poorly built, hard to work and easily crash unlike conventional websites. This is taken from a iPad 3.
Roll Over Buttons
Roll over buttons change colour when you roll the mouse over them. They make the website look better and makes it more interactive.
What is
interactive media?
Interactive media are devices that can
view things like audio, graphics, animation, videos, ,games and text on devices
such as:
· Computers/websites/tablets
· Mobile phones
· Game consoles
· iPods/mp4/3
players
· TV’s
· - Cameras
Games
Computer graphics are graphics created using computers and the representation of image data by a computer specifically with help from specialized graphic hardware and software.
2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images—mostly from two-dimensional models (such as 2D geometric models, text, and digital images) and by techniques specific to them.
Pixel art - A large form of digital art being pixel art is created through the use of raster graphics software, where images are edited on the pixel level.
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